Whistlewatch

Sports referee analytics — data first, no outrage.

Statistical analysis. No factual claims.

Methodology in 30 seconds

How we build the Bias Index

Data sources

Match-level scraping from public football data — FBref, Understat, API-Football.

Computation

Five sub-scores (penalties, cards, VAR, stoppage, disallowed goals) normalised against the league average and combined into a single 0–100 index.

What "bias" means here

Statistical leaning, not an accusation. High values flag patterns worth a closer look — they do not allege wrongdoing.

Read the full methodology →